Typology of Bronze Axes of Southeastern Iran: Case Study: Bronze axes of Harandi Museum, Kerman

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Abstract

The abundance of copper deposits in the Kerman Province of Iran can be considered as one of the main reasons for the emergence of the extensive ancient metallurgical activities in the ancient cultural domain of southeastern Iran by the third millennium BCE. This has partly resulted in the production of some of the most exquisite ancient bronze artifacts in the Kerman region and southeastern Iran, among which the bronze axes are of significant value. In this study, we investigated the collection of ancient bronze axes kept in the Harandi museum of Kerman from different viewpoints including their forms, the position of the blades, the technology of manufacturing, the way of utilization and function, and consequently their prestigious position. These axes were also compared with the same age axes of the other regions in Western Asia. This comparison indicates an extensive cultural and commercial exchange among the neighboring areas of Kerman together with farther regions including central Asia, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, Luristan, and Mesopotamia, the latter exchange has also been acknowledged in the ancient texts. 

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