A study on the Ilkhanate tombstones of Bukan County

Articles in Press

Authors

1 Social StudiesTeacher in Bukan Education Department

2 M.A. in Archaeology, university of Tehran

3 Member of Bukan Civil Engineering Society

4 a freelance researcher

10.22084/nb.2025.30805.2767

Abstract

Stone tombs are valuable findings in archaeological studies. In Bukan County, historical cemeteries with interesting tombstones dating back to the Ilkhanate period have been identified No comprehensive study has been conducted on them so far. Therefore, studying these cemeteries can contribute to our knowledge about the situation of the Bukan region during the Mongol period. In fact, Bukan County, located between the Zarrineh Rud and Simineh Rud rivers, was a favored location for the Mongols, including Hulagu Khan. And the study of the Ilkhanid cemeteries of Bukan can provide a deeper understanding of the situation of the studied region in the 7th and 8th centuries AH. The Ilkhanid tombs of Bukan County are comparable in terms of time and morphology to the tombs of the Mukrian region and other regions of Iran, including Azerbaijan.The purpose ofthis article is to conduct research on the Ilkhanid tombstones of Bukan County and An attempt will be made to answer these questions: Considering the Ilkhanate tombstones, how can we imagine the political and economic situation ofthe Bukan region during the Mongol era? And what important cultural and social results of their era do the study of literary inscriptions and rich motifs of tombstones in the Ilkhanate cemeteries of Bukan County reveal in terms of the diversity and quality of the works? The results of field and library studies indicate that the research findings indicate that Bukan County is known for its favorable environmental conditions and its Permanent rivers and fertile lands had a special political and economic status during the Mongol era. Inaddition, the Ilkhanid tombstones of Bukan are of the raised, cradled, raised, carved and uncarved types. They are decorated with geometric and symbolic motifs, plants, tools and war implements, and inscriptions. And by relying on the existing form and motifs, one can understand the religious vision and social structure of the Bukan region in the Islamic Middle Ages, especially the Ilkhanate period.

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Archaeological Research of Iran

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 21 October 2025

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