Authors
1
PhD Student in Archeology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
2
Research Assistant, Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism, Tehran, Iran (Responsible author).
3
Professor, Department of Archeology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4
Assistant Professor/Islamic Azad University/ Abhar Branch/ Zanjjan, Iran
10.22084/nb.2022.25892.2464
Abstract
During the Qajar period, relations between Iran and Russia developed. Political trade relations between these two countries were carried out from the capital of the Qajar state in Tehran to Bandar Anzali on the northern border, which was considered a geopolitical strategic crossing in Iran's communication network with Russia and Europe.In this period, Tehran Anzali road was considered a passage for the travel of kings, politicians, merchants and the wealthy class of Iran and European governments. The process of these communications made Iranians familiar with the great developments of the world and the motivation to repair and develop, establish and equip the chaparkhanehs and new post offices of this highway. Although the foundation of Chaparkhane dates back to ancient times, it became dynamic and transformed during the Qajar period in terms of the strategy of government services in the field of communication for all sectors of society and the expansion of diplomatic relations.The purpose of this research is to investigate the chaparkhanehs and post offices related to the Tehran-Anzali route in the Qajar period and seeks to answer this question: what effect did geographical and cultural factors have on the architecture and performance of the chaparkhanehs and post offices on the Tehran Anzali route? The method of this historical research is analytical. The findings were collected and studied based on library documents (travel letters, written documents and reports, maps, historical photos of the Qajar period) and archaeological field survey.The analysis of information is of a qualitative type and the results of this research show that the buildings of the chaparkhanehs and post offices of the researched route have similar spaces but different forms, which generally influenced by the geographical location and climatic conditions, the cultural system ruling the entire country and imitating the emerging phenomena of the West was formed in that period, and all of them were organized by the government and a coherent administrative system.
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