Authors
1
PhD student of Mohaghegh Ardabili University-
2
Academic Board
3
Department of Art and Architecture, Payame Noor University, Sanandaj branch, Blvd. Daneshjo, Baharan Town
4
Academic BoardExpert of cultural heritage of Kurdistan province
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PhD student of Bu Ali Sina University - Expert of cultural heritage of Kurdistan province
10.22084/nb.2022.25848.2458
Abstract
Abstract:
Bijar city is one of the eastern cities of the Kurdistan province, consisting of three sections (Central, Cheng Almas, Karani), and 11 villages. The bijar region is along the hills of western Iran, with one third of its area being mountainous. Archaeological excavations carried out in recent years by the cultural heritage of Kurdistan Province in this region have identified artifacts from prehistoric times to the Islamic era, of which 71 sites belong the Iron Age. But cultural materials of the region and its characteristics have not been fully understood and explained yet. An important objective this study is analyze the correlations between Iron Age settlements and the environment geographical factors and type of livelihood. This study collects data through fieldwork, descriptive-analytical techniques, satellite images, GIS maps, and library. A study Iron Age settlement patterns in Bijar city examines features such as height, slope, access to water resources, and topography. This is the most important research question. What role and effect have environmental factors had the formation, distribution, cultural interaction of Iron Age settlements in Bijar city? By examining the data that was collected and creating GIS maps based on the information that was made accessible, the answer to this issue demonstrated. The majority of the region's plain and mountainous-semi-mountainous terrain have been exploited since the Iron Age, when human conditions in the natural environment were improved. The primary query here is how this formation, dissemination occur the northeast, central, southwestern stretch of residential areas have the highest density. According to region's effective characteristics, including altitude, slope, water resources, and land use, the majority of the population is concentrated at elevations of less than 2000 meters. These conditions form the basis for permanent habitats based on agriculture (irrigated - rainfed), animal husbandry, seasonal-nomadic settlements. Here, it has developed into a herd.
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