گونه‌شناسی سفال آشورنو و بازخوانی آن در غرب و شمال‌غرب ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای باستان‌شناسی، گروه باستان‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ حفاظت و مرمت دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه باستان‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ حفاظت و مرمت، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران (نویسندۀ مسئول).

10.22084/nb.2023.27987.2604

چکیده

امپراتوری آشورنو، یکی از مهم‌ترین قدرت‌های هزارۀ اول پیش‌ازمیلاد در خاورمیانه باستان بود. یکی از شناخته‌شده‌ترین داده‌های ‏باستان‌شناسی امپراتوری آشور نو، سفال‌های این دوره است. براساس مطالعات انجام‌شده، سفال‌های آشورنو در دو فرم اصلی سفال ‏استاندارد و سفال کاخ طبقه‌بندی می‌شود. سفال‌های شاخص آشورنو از نظر فرم و کارکرد دارای خصوصیات مختص به خود است ‏که آن‌را از سفال‌های ادوار قبل و بعداز آن متمایز می‌کند؛ این خصوصیات در هر منطقه از قلمرو گستردۀ امپراتوری دارای ویژگی‌های خاصی است، به‌طوری‌که سفال‌های شاخص امپراتوری در قلمروی مرکزی با سفال‌های محلی درهم‌آمیخته و گونه‌ای ‏منحصر ایجاد می‌کند که با سفال‌های بومی متفاوت بوده و ارتباط گوݣݣنه‌شناسی مشخصی با سفال امپراتوری دارد؛ این آمیختگی ‏سفال شاخص آشورنو با سفال‌های محلی این امکان را برای پژوهشگر ایجاد می‌کند تا بتواند درک درستی از حضور آشوریان در ‏سراسر قلمرو امپراتوری داشته باشند. شناخت شاخص‌های سفال آشورنو در غرب و شماݣݣل‌غرب ایران مسأله اصلی این پژوهش می‌باشد؛ در این راستا، سفال‌های آشورنو در ‏مناطق غربی، مرکزی و شرقی امپراتوری به‌صورت کتابخانه‌ای مورد مطالعه قرار خواهد گرفت و با گونه‌های سفالی محوطه‌های ‏عصر آهن در غرب و شمال‌غرب ایران مورد مقایسه قرار می‌گیرند تا به این پرسش‌ها پاسخ‌دهند که، سفال آشور نو در غرب و ‏شمال‌غرب ایران دارای چه شاخص‌هایی است؟ سفال‌ آشورنو در غرب و شمال‌غرب ایران در چه گونه‌هایی به‌دست آمده است؟ نتایج ‏نشان می‌دهد که، سفال استاندارد آشورنو در مناطق غربی، مرکزی و شرقی شناسایی شده و سفال کاخ در مناطق شرقی به‌دست ‏نیامده است؛ گونه‌شناسی و مقایسۀ سفال‌های استاندارد آشورنو نشان می‌دهد که، این گونۀ سفالی در غرب و شمال‌غرب ایران وجود ‏دارد؛ از آنجا که شناخت سفال‌های آشور نو برای پژوهشگران عصر آهن در غرب و شمال‌غرب ایران دارای اهمیت بنیادین است. در ‏این پژوهش الگوی گونه‌شناسی منظم و جامع از سفال‌های رایج و شاخص آشورنو تدوین گردیده است.‏

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Rereading of Neo-Assyrian Pottery in the West and Northwest of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Amirinejad 1
  • Farshid Iarvani Ghadim 2
1 PhD in Archaeology, Department of Archeology, Faculty of Conservation and Restoration, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Archeology, Faculty of Conservation and Restoration, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran (Corresponding Author)
چکیده [English]

The Neo-Assyrian Empire, a significant power in the ancient Middle East during the first millennium BC, left behind a legacy of pottery types that serve as crucial archaeological evidence. Previous studies have categorized Assyrian pottery into two main groups: “Standard ware” and “Palace ware.” This research focuses on identifying the characteristics of Neo-Assyrian pottery in the western and northwest regions of Iran. The examination of Neo-Assyrian pottery across the western, central, and eastern territories of the empire has been conducted and contrasted with that of Iron Age sites in the western and northwestern regions of Iran through the utilization of library research methodology. The inquiries that necessitate responses pertain to identifying the characteristics of Neo-Assyrian pottery in the western and northwestern areas of Iran, as well as determining the specific types of Neo-Assyrian pottery discovered in these areas. The findings demonstrate the presence of Neo-Assyrian “Standard ware” in the western, central, and eastern sectors, while “Palace ware” remains absent in the eastern territories. The analysis of Neo-Assyrian “Standard ware” typology and its comparison indicates its prevalence in the west and northwest of Iran. Given the significance of recognizing Neo-Assyrian pottery for scholars studying the Iron Age in these regions, a systematic and comprehensive typological framework for common and distinctive Neo-Assyrian pottery has been established in this study.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Neo-Assyria
  • Pottery
  • West of Iran
  • Northwest of Iran
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