طبقه‌بندی، گونه‌شناسی و گاهنگاری سفال‌های قرون میانی اسلامیِ دست‌کند زیر‌زمینی رباط آغاج، شهرستان خمین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه باستان‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران (نویسندۀ مسئول).

2 استادیار گروه باستان‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

مجموعه دست‌کند زیر‌زمینی رباط آغاج، یکی از محوطه‌های تاریخی شاخص در محدودۀ شهرستان خمین است که در دل تپه‌ای شنی به ارتفاع 50متر ایجاد گردید است. فصل اول کاوش‌های باستان‌شناسی این اثر در سال 1395 صورت‌پذیرفت. در نتیجۀ این کاوش‌ها، فضاهای معماری مختلف و یافته‌های متنوع باستان‌شناسی به‌دست آمد. بیشترین فراوانی یافته‌های شناسایی شدۀ این محوطه را انواع متنوعی از سفال‌های بدون لعاب و لعاب‌دار دوران اسلامی تشکیل می‌دهد. سفال‌های ساده بدون لعاب، سفال‌های بدون لعاب با نقوش فشاری، کنده و افزوده، سفال با نقش قالبی و هم‌چنین سفال‌های لعاب‌دار تک‌رنگ، آبی سفید، زرین‌فام و قططعات ظروف مینایی از انواع سفال‌های شناسایی شده در دستکند رباط آغاج است. نظر به این‌که تاکنون پژوهش مستقلی درمورد این آثار صورت نپذیرفته بود، ضرورت‌داشت که بدان‌ها پرداخته شود؛ چراکه تقریباً تمامی سفال‌های به‌دست آمدۀ این محوطه مربوط به قرون میانی اسلامی هستند و احتمالاً تنها در یک دورۀ زمانی تولید شده و مورداستفاده قرار گرفته‌اند؛ بدین‌سبب با انجام پژوهش حاضر می‌توان یک منبع مطالعاتی و مقایسه‌ای در زمینۀ سفال‌های این دوران استان مرکزی و حتی ایران را ارائه داد. با توجه به این موارد، مهم‌ترین پرسش پژوهش حاضر در زمینۀ گاه‌نگاری مقایسه‌ای این سفال‌ها و مراکز تولیدی احتمالی آن‌ها است. روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی- مقایسه‌ای و شیوۀ گردآوری اطلاعات در آن بر پایۀ مطالعات میدانی و کتابخانه‌ای است. در نتیجۀ پژوهش حاضر، چنین مشخص شد که بیشتر سفال‌های این محوطۀ احتمالاً مربوط به بازۀ زمانی قرن 6-7ه‍.ق. هستند؛ هم‌چنین برخی از این گونه‌های سفالی با بعضی مراکز تولیدی هم‌چون: ذلف‌آباد، مشکویه، کاشان و ری، تشابهات بسیاری داشته که احتمال دارد از این مراکز به خمین صادر شده‌اند، چنان‌چه مطالعات باستان‌شناختی نیز این ادعا را تصدیق می‌کند. علاوه‌بر این، با نمونه‌های مشابه در برخی محوطه‌های تاریخی مانند: دست‌کند تهیق خمین، سامن ملایر و ارزانفود همدان، تشابهات بسیاری دارند.   

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Classification, Typology and Chronological Analysis of the Islamic Middle Ages Pottery from Robāt-e Āghāj, Khomeyn County

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid MontazerZohouri 1
  • Hossein Sedighian 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Iran
چکیده [English]

The troglodytic complex of Robāt-e Āghāj, nestled within a 50-meter-tall hill, holds great historical importance in Khomeyn County. The inaugural archaeological excavation season of this site occurred in 2015, unearthing a variety of architectural spaces and archaeological findings. Notably, the most abundant findings at this site consist of diverse unglazed and glazed potsherds belonging to the Islamic era. A diverse array of pottery types has been unearthed from the site, ranging from plain unglazed pieces to those adorned with impressed patterns, as well as pottery featuring incised and excised motifs, molded motifs, monochromatic glazed pottery, blue-and-white porcelain, lusterware, and enamelware. The significance of addressing these findings lies in the fact that all these types are linked to the Islamic Middle Ages, suggesting that they were crafted and employed during that specific era. Through the current research, a comparative source on medieval pottery in Markazi Province and Iran can be established. The primary focus of this study revolves around the comparative chronology of these pottery items and their potential production centers. Employing a descriptive-comparative method, data collection involves field surveys and desk research. The findings indicate that the majority of the potsherds discovered likely dates back to the 6th and 7th centuries AH. Furthermore, similarities were observed between these artifacts and those from production centers like Zolfabād, Moshkoye, Kāshān, and Ray, suggesting a possible exportation to Khomeyn, as archaeological studies have confirmed this claim. These similarities were also noted in historical sites such as troglodytic complexes at Tahyaq-e Khomeyn, Sāmen-e Malāyer, and Arzānfud in Hamadān.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pottery
  • Troglodytic of Robāt-e Āghāj
  • Khomeyn
  • Seljuk and Ilkhanid Periods

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پژوهش های باستان شناسی ایران
دوره 14، شماره 41
مقالات انگلیسی
شهریور 1403
صفحه 227-247

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