گونه شناسی ساباط های بافت تاریخی نایین

The awning is one of the architectural elements of the urban spaces of Iran, which is still found in many historical cities such as Nain. Based on the studies carried out up to now, there are not research which done to examine the historical texture awning in Nain and especially the typological analysis of these valuable elements. Therefore, the present study first examines the typology of the Nain awnings. For this purpose, firstly, theories existing in the typology discourse were investigated and architectural theory that is a multi-dimensional schema composed of physical organs and combined schema of organs were appropriately recognized. Accordingly, the present study has studied 15 awnings of Nain historical texture and will try to provide a proper type-classification based on this theory. The data collection method is library-field method with deep interviews and research method is qualitative with an analytical-descriptive approach. Establishing the awning on passage leads to the creation of space and the high-level application of passage, and this space created at the high surface of passage by the awning is limited to the owner of the two bodies of passage, and therefore belongs to two owners located on both sides of the passage. The typological findings show two types of awnings. The first type is with the highest percentage of frequency, without architectural spaces, and only covering the passage. The second type of awning, although all have room spatial organs or porch on the passage as a common schema but according to how these elements are combined, the orientation of the awning, as well as the different life which was in each case, is divided into three awnings including awning having room with openings in two facades, awning with a combination of a room and a porch in a one facade, and awning having porch in two façade. Based on the results of oral studies in relation to the kinship relationship or lack of kinship relationship scheme of awnings owners, in the first type, the kinship owners of the two sides of the passage belong to a family, and with the establishment of the awning, the entrance of the houses is also installed below awning. In the second type, awning ownership belongs to one of the parties with the consent and agreement of the owners of the two sides of the passage that have not kinship relationship to each other.
Keywords: Awnings, Typology, Physical Organs, Schema, Historical passage, Nain.
 
Introduction
the elements covering these pathways are placed in two species. the species are constructed in a single curve or between two passes. these arches don ‘t have architectural spaces with a special user and they do not cover the tunnel and tunnel, but also they are simple in order to control the wall forces. the role of these arches is purely structural and due to the structure of these arches, can be named. the other group, which is the subject of this paper, is located on the aisle. the urban texture of Nain, which is formed in organic form, consists of seven district which is composed of seven neighborhoods, namely bab al-aziziya, kalam, abad, chehel - abad, marble and new york. the seven districts are scattered in these seven neighborhoods, which are located in the bab al - aziziya compound in the neighborhood of bab al-aziziya, in the district of al - zahra, in the quarter of the new house and in the district of forty girls. by changing the shape of cities and architectural styles, especially residential pattern, what causes recognition of the cultural historical identity of the cities, such as the proportion and relation between spaces, external forms, internal form of historical houses, alleys and streets as the elements and components of the structure of the organization, was reduced. in addition, in the above studies, the hand of nain historical tissue has not paid much attention to the preservation of the streets and alleys on them as one of the elements with the value of architecture and urbanism. widening of roads and demolition of roads in places of texture, such as accessibility and vehicular traffic, is evidence of this claim. therefore, the main issue of this research is introducing, classifying and typology of nain historical context. it is hoped that these studies will redefine the part of the old architecture effectively in the recognition and protection of these elements. the present study will try to answer the following questions by studying the historical context of Nain
1. based on the nature of in central cities of iran, from among the theories in the typology of typology, which theory is suitable for the typology of historical context of iran?
2. based on theory, which is composed of bodily organs and with organs, these are divided into several species and are the bodilyorgans and their schema?
 
Text
in fact, by the formation of an infinite space system, there is an addition to the creation of an infinite space, which is impossible to use in other conditions. the space created by is confined to two passes and therefore belongs to one of the two neighbours deployed on the two sides of the pass. the recognition of the of historical texture requires the study of the set of characteristics and features that this element is qualified for and in the context and collection. also, from the methodological point of the methodology, production of the analytical model needs to be recognized based on historical interpretation analysis of ownership documents, observation and field analysis and reference to the oral memory of the owners, in order to analyze the process of space production over time. for this purpose, qualitative questionnaires were prepared and the owners and residents of 15 were completed. in this qualitative open questionnaire, a number of questions were posed to each schema such as the method and how to use in different seasons of the year (schema of ownership), or the relationship ratios of owners of the two parties (schema ownership) and … with this method the work of physical and life - related life is extracted in the schema format. Based on the studies of the two distinct patterns of the remaining 15 in the historical context of that were possible to study were extracted
1. Type (you) I: without architectural spaces, and only through the passage of the passage.
2. Type II: architectural spaces on the passage room 
a. Beneath the of with the of the pop in two fronts
b. B: with the combination of rooms and portico in a single view.
c. P: in two fronts
 
Conclusion
in this study, based on theory, we propose a multi - dimensional framework of physical and physiological organs with organs and based on this approach, two general types of were defined and explained above. the first types of have been designed for the top of the pass without architectural spaces and only as the cover of the passage. in this way, the owners of the two sides are connected to a family and with the construction of the two estates is also built under. in the second way, it is constructed by passing the pass by the property in order to use the space on the passage. in this manner, although they all contain the spatial organs of the room or the portico on the passage as a common scheme, it is based on how these elements combine, and in addition to the different life that has been in each case, the with the combination of room and portico are divided into two views. both the relation between the relation and ownership type of the two parties, as an influential element on the causes of differentiation of two types of studied in the historical context of is analyzed and evaluated. in the first place the owners of the two parties have the same relation to each other, but in the second way the property of is owned by the consent and agreement of the owners of both parties of the two parties, which are no relation to one another.